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UAE’s economic agreements with Turkey and Indonesia spring into action

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The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is entering a new era of economic collaboration with two rapidly growing global players as it activates two of its Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreements (CEPAs). The UAE-Türkiye CEPA and the UAE-Indonesia CEPA have officially come into force, setting the stage for enhanced trade and investment cooperation.

The primary goal of these CEPAs is to foster economic ties by doubling non-oil trade. The UAE-Türkiye CEPA aims to elevate bilateral non-oil trade to an impressive $40 billion within five years, while the UAE’s CEPA with Indonesia seeks to push non-oil trade beyond $10 billion within the same timeframe. These agreements also aim to facilitate investment projects valued at $10 billion in various sectors.

In the words of HE Al-Zeyoudi, “The implementation of our CEPAs with Türkiye and Indonesia marks a significant step forward in our foreign trade program. Both agreements will unlock significant opportunities for our private sector in two of the world’s most dynamic centers of growth.”

These CEPAs are the third and fourth of their kind to come into force for the UAE, following successful agreements with India in May 2022 and Israel in April 2023. They are a testament to the UAE’s foreign trade agenda, strategically forging robust economic connections with nations of global importance. Both CEPAs promise to reduce or remove tariffs on a wide range of goods, eliminate trade barriers, and create pathways for investments in vital sectors like logistics, energy, food production, fintech, e-commerce, and travel and tourism.

The UAE-Indonesia CEPA, inked in Abu Dhabi in July 2022, aims to significantly boost bilateral non-oil trade from $4.08 billion to over $10 billion within five years. Additionally, the agreement targets a combined trade in services worth $630 million by 2030. Notably, over 80 percent of UAE exports to Indonesia will now be exempt from customs duties under this pact. This partnership also has an eye on nurturing the rapidly expanding Islamic economy, projected to reach $3.2 trillion by 2024. It will accelerate investment projects worth $10 billion across sectors like agriculture, energy, infrastructure, and logistics. The UAE-Türkiye CEPA is equally impactful, having eliminated or reduced customs duties on 82 percent of product lines, accounting for more than 93 percent of bilateral non-oil trade. Türkiye was the UAE’s fastest-growing top ten trading partner in 2022, witnessing a 40 percent increase in non-oil trade to $18.9 billion. The newly liberalized trade environment is set to drive this figure to an impressive $40 billion within the next five years.

HE Al Zeyoudi also stressed that the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreements play a vital role in attaining the nation’s objectives, in particular the vision laid out in “We The UAE 2031”, which seeks to double the UAE’s non-oil foreign trade to AED4 trillion and elevate national exports to AED800 billion. The recently published statistics from H1, 2023, which show a record non-oil foreign trade value of AED1.239 trillion for the first six months of the year, demonstrate that the UAE is firmly on track – and that the CEPA program will help maintain this upward trajectory.

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Indian real estate group BCD Global enters Middle East, sets up Dubai headquarters

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BCD Global, the international expansion platform of Indian-founded real estate developer BCD Group, has entered the Middle East, naming Dubai as its regional headquarters as it pursues its next phase of global growth.

The move marks the first Middle East expansion for the 70-year-old group, which has delivered more than 155 million square feet of real estate across over 300 residential, mixed-use and large-scale developments in seven countries.

BCD Global said it chose Dubai due to the emirate’s economic stability, access to global capital, regulatory clarity and long-term urban planning framework.

“Dubai represents the convergence of global capital, governance and long-term urban vision,” Amit Puri, CEO of BCD Global, said in a statement.

Founded in India in 1952, BCD Group has developed projects across infrastructure-led asset classes, including healthcare, senior living, hospitality, co-living and urban infrastructure. BCD Global will spearhead the group’s international expansion from the UAE, with a focus on institutional governance and long-term asset creation.

The expansion follows a strategic restructuring under chairman Angad Singh Bedi, who has overseen the group’s transition to a zero-debt, vertically integrated operating model.

“The Middle East is one of the defining growth corridors of the next decade, and Dubai stands at its centre,” Bedi said, adding that the group’s entry into the region was intended as a long-term expansion rather than a short-term market play.

BCD Global’s entry comes as the UAE’s real estate sector continues to benefit from population growth, infrastructure investment and sustained inflows of international capital. The UAE’s population is projected to reach around 11 million by 2030, supporting demand for large-scale, institutional-quality developments.

From Dubai, BCD Global will oversee its Middle East and Africa operations, with the wider Gulf region, including Saudi Arabia, identified as a key growth market over time.

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UAE to crack down on businesses not complying with electronic invoicing rules

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The UAE Ministry of Finance has introduced a Cabinet Resolution imposing administrative fines on businesses that fail to comply with the country’s Electronic Invoicing System (EIS), reinforcing the nation’s drive for digital transformation and stronger tax compliance.

The rules apply to all entities required to adopt EIS under Ministerial Decision No. (243) of 2025. Companies using the system voluntarily are exempt from penalties until compliance becomes mandatory.

Fines include:

  • Dh5,000 per month for failing to implement EIS or appoint an approved service provider on time.
  • Dh100 per electronic invoice not issued or sent on time, capped at Dh5,000 per month.
  • Dh100 per electronic credit note not issued or sent on time, capped at Dh5,000 per month.
  • Dh1,000 per day for not notifying the Federal Tax Authority of system malfunctions.
  • Dh1,000 per day for delays in updating approved service providers on registered data changes.

Officials stressed that the resolution underlines the UAE government’s commitment to international best practices and the development of a fully integrated digital economy.

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UAE VAT rules are changing in 2026: Here’s what businesses need to know

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The UAE’s Ministry of Finance has announced a new set of amendments to the country’s VAT law, with the revised rules taking effect on January 1, 2026. The changes are designed to make the tax system easier to use and more aligned with international best practices.

In a statement, the Ministry said the move supports the UAE’s ongoing efforts to streamline its tax framework and improve administrative efficiency. The updates are also designed to provide businesses with greater clarity and reduce unnecessary paperwork.

Simpler filing, fewer steps

One of the biggest changes removes the requirement for businesses to issue self-invoices when using the reverse charge mechanism. Instead, companies will simply need to keep the usual documents that support their transactions, such as invoices, contracts and records, which the Federal Tax Authority (FTA) can review when checking compliance.

According to the Ministry, this adjustment “enhances administrative efficiency” and provides clear audit evidence without placing extra paperwork burdens on businesses.

Five-year window for VAT refunds

The updated law also introduces a five-year limit for claiming back refundable VAT after accounts have been reconciled. Once this period ends, businesses lose the right to submit a claim. Officials say this helps prevent long-delayed refund requests and gives taxpayers more certainty about their financial position.

Tighter rules on tax evasion

To protect the system from misuse, the FTA will now have the authority to deny input tax deductions if a transaction is found to be linked to a tax-evasion arrangement. This means businesses must ensure the supplies they receive are legitimate before claiming input VAT.

Taxpayers are expected to verify the “legitimacy and integrity” of supplies as part of these strengthened safeguards.

Supporting a competitive economy

The Ministry said the amendments will boost transparency, ensure fairness across the tax system and support better management of public revenue. The updated rules also aim to maintain the UAE’s competitive edge while supporting long-term economic sustainability.


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